Menene mai sarrafa cajin hasken rana?
Mai kula da cajin hasken rana (wanda kuma aka sani da mai sarrafa wutar lantarki mai amfani da hasken rana) shine mai sarrafawa wanda ke daidaita tsarin caji da caji a tsarin wutar lantarki.
Babban aikin mai kula da cajin shi ne sarrafa cajin da ke gudana daga PV panel zuwa baturi, kiyaye wutar lantarki daga girma da yawa don hana bankin baturi yin caji.
Nau'i biyu na mai kula da cajin hasken rana
MPPT & PWM
Dukansu MPPT da PWM hanyoyin sarrafa wutar lantarki ne waɗanda masu kula da caji ke amfani da su don daidaita tafiyar halin yanzu daga tsarin hasken rana zuwa baturi.
Duk da yake ana buƙatar caja na PWM gabaɗaya don zama mai arha kuma suna da ƙimar juyawa 75%, caja MPPT sun ɗan fi tsada don siye, sabuwar MPPT na iya ƙara haɓaka ƙimar juzu'i har zuwa 99%.
Mai sarrafa PWM ainihin maɓalli ne wanda ke haɗa tsarar hasken rana zuwa baturi.Sakamako shine cewa za'a ja wutar lantarkin tsararrun ƙasa kusa da ƙarfin baturin.
Mai sarrafa MPPT ya fi rikitarwa (kuma ya fi tsada): zai daidaita ƙarfin shigarwar sa don ɗaukar matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki daga tsarin hasken rana, sannan ya fassara wannan wutar zuwa buƙatun ƙarfin lantarki daban-daban don baturi da lodi.Don haka, da gaske yana lalata wutar lantarki na tsararru da batura, ta yadda, alal misali, akwai baturi 12V a gefe ɗaya na mai kula da cajin MPPT da bangarorin da aka haɗa a jere don samar da 36V a daya gefen.
Bambanci tsakanin MPPT & PWM masu kula da cajin hasken rana a aikace
Ana amfani da masu sarrafa PWM musamman don ƙananan tsarin tare da ayyuka masu sauƙi da ƙananan iko.
Ana amfani da masu kula da MPPT don ƙananan, matsakaici, da manyan tsarin PV, kuma ana amfani da masu kula da MPPT don matsakaici da manyan tsarin tare da buƙatun ayyuka masu yawa, irin su tashoshin wutar lantarki.
Ana amfani da na'urori na musamman na MPPT a cikin ƙananan tsarin kashe-grid, ayari, jiragen ruwa, fitilun titi, idanu na lantarki, tsarin matasan, da dai sauransu.
Ana iya amfani da duka PWM da masu kula da MPPT don tsarin 12V 24V 48V, amma lokacin da wutar lantarki ta fi girma, mai sarrafa MPPT shine mafi kyawun zaɓi.
Masu kula da MPPT kuma suna goyan bayan manyan manyan na'urori masu ƙarfin lantarki tare da na'urorin hasken rana a jere, don haka ƙara yawan amfani da na'urorin hasken rana.
Bambancin Cajin MPPT & PWM Mai Kula da Cajin Solar Solar
Fasahar juzu'i mai faɗin bugun jini yana cajin baturin a ƙayyadadden cajin mataki 3 (yawanci, iyo, da sha).
Fasahar MPPT ita ce kololuwar bin diddigi kuma ana iya ɗaukar caji mai matakai da yawa.
Ingantaccen jujjuya wutar lantarki na janareta na MPPT shine 30% mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da PWM.
PMW ya haɗa da matakan caji 3:
Cajin tsari;Cajin sha;Cajin ruwa
Inda cajin ruwa ya kasance na ƙarshe na matakai 3 na caji, wanda kuma aka sani da cajin trickle, kuma shine aikace-aikacen ƙaramin adadin caji ga baturi a ƙasan farashi kuma a tsaye.
Yawancin batura masu caji suna rasa wuta bayan an cika su.Wannan yana faruwa ne ta hanyar fitar da kai.Idan ana kiyaye cajin a daidai ƙarancin halin yanzu da ƙimar fitar da kai, ana iya kiyaye cajin.
MPPT kuma yana da tsarin caji mai mataki 3, kuma ba kamar PWM ba, MPPT yana da ikon canza caji ta atomatik bisa yanayin PV.
Ba kamar PWM ba, babban lokacin caji yana da tsayayyen ƙarfin caji.
Lokacin da hasken rana ya yi ƙarfi, ƙarfin fitarwa na tantanin halitta PV yana ƙaruwa sosai kuma cajin halin yanzu (Voc) na iya zuwa da sauri zuwa bakin kofa.Bayan haka, zai dakatar da cajin MPPT kuma ya canza zuwa hanyar caji akai-akai.
Lokacin da hasken rana ya yi rauni kuma yana da wuya a kula da cajin yau da kullun, zai canza zuwa cajin MPPT.kuma canzawa da yardar kaina har sai da ƙarfin lantarki a gefen baturi ya tashi zuwa saturation voltage Ur kuma baturin ya canza zuwa cajin wutar lantarki akai-akai.
Ta hanyar haɗa cajin MPPT tare da caji na yau da kullun da sauyawa ta atomatik, ana iya amfani da makamashin hasken rana gaba ɗaya.
Kammalawa
A taƙaice, ina tsammanin fa'idar MPPT ta fi kyau, amma caja na PWM ma ana buƙatar wasu mutane.
Dangane da abin da kuke iya gani: ga ƙarshe na:
Masu kula da cajin MPPT sun fi dacewa ga masu sana'a suna neman mai sarrafawa wanda zai iya yin ayyuka masu wuyar gaske (ikon gida, wutar RV, jiragen ruwa, da tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi).
Masu kula da cajin PWM sun fi dacewa don ƙananan aikace-aikacen wutar lantarki na kashe-gid waɗanda basa buƙatar kowane fasali kuma suna da babban kasafin kuɗi.
Idan kawai kuna buƙatar mai sarrafa caji mai sauƙi da tattalin arziki don ƙananan tsarin hasken wuta, to masu kula da PWM na ku.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-04-2023