Yunkurin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa ya sami gagarumin ci gaba a cikin 'yan shekarun nan saboda karuwar damuwa game da sauyin yanayi da bukatar rage hayaki mai gurbata yanayi.Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na Photovoltaic shine tushen makamashi mai sabuntawa wanda ya jawo hankali sosai.Photovoltaics, sau da yawa ake kira da hasken rana, amfani da hasken rana da kuma mayar da shi zuwa wutar lantarki.Amma menene tarihin wannan fasaha ta ban mamaki?
ya tushenphotovoltaics Za a iya komawa zuwa karni na 19, lokacin da masanin kimiyyar lissafi dan kasar Faransa Alexandre-Edmond Becquerel ya ganophotovoltaicsakamako a 1839. Becquerel ya gano cewa wasu kayan suna haifar da ƙananan igiyoyin lantarki lokacin da aka fallasa su zuwa haske.Duk da cewa binciken nasa ya yi tasiri sosai, an ɗauki shekaru masu yawa kafin masana kimiyya da masu ƙirƙira su bincika yuwuwar wannan al'amari.
Saurin ci gaba zuwa 1873, kuma injiniyan lantarki na Burtaniya Willoughby Smith ya ba da gudummawa mai mahimmanci ga hotovoltaics.Smith ya gano cewa sinadarin selenium yana daphotovoltaickaddarorin.Wannan binciken ya haifar da samar da kwayoyin halitta na farko na selenium na hasken rana, wadanda suke da inganci sosai wajen canza hasken rana zuwa wutar lantarki.
Na zamaniphotovoltaiczamanin ya fara ne a farkon karni na 20 tare da aikin Albert Einstein, wanda bayaninsa game da tasirin photoelectric a cikin 1905 ya kafa tushen ka'idar fahimtar yanayin haske da tsararrunphotovoltaicwutar lantarki.Koyaya, aikace-aikacen wannan ilimin har yanzu yana da nisa daga gaskiya.
A cikin shekarun 1950 da 1960, kamfanin bincike da ci gaba na Amurka Bell Labs ya ba da jari mai yawa a ciki.photovoltaicbincike da kuma samun gagarumin ci gaba.A cikin 1954, injiniyoyin dakin gwaje-gwaje sun ƙirƙira na farko na tushen siliconphotovoltaictantanin halitta.Baturin ya sami ingancin canjin makamashi kusan kashi 6%, wanda ke nuna babban ci gaba a fagen.Bincike na gaba da sabbin fasahohin fasaha sun haɓaka matakan inganci da rage farashin masana'anta a cikin shekaru masu zuwa.
tseren sararin samaniya tsakanin Amurka da Tarayyar Soviet a lokacin yakin cacar baka ya kara inganta ci gabanphotovoltaicsamar da wutar lantarki.Dukkanin kasashen biyu suna bukatar ma'aunin wutar lantarki masu nauyi da aminci ga tauraron dan adam da jiragensu.Saboda,photovoltaicKwayoyin sun zama masu alaƙa da ayyukan sararin samaniya, kuma Pioneer 1, wanda aka harba a cikin 1958, shine tauraron dan adam na farko da ya yi amfani da ƙwayoyin rana don sarrafa kayan aikinsa.
Rikicin mai a shekarun 1970 ya zama sanadin ci gabanphotovoltaicsamar da wutar lantarki.Yayin da hanyoyin samar da makamashi na gargajiya suka yi karanci da tsada, gwamnatoci da masu kare muhalli suna juyowa zuwa hasken rana a matsayin mafita.Samar da tallafi, kididdigar haraji da kuma tallafin bincike don haɓaka haɓakawa da araha na fasahar hasken rana.Wannan zamanin ya ga bullar na'urori masu amfani da hasken rana, agogon hannu, da sayar da kananan aikace-aikace.
PhotovoltaicSamar da wutar lantarki ya samu babban ci gaba a karni na 21 saboda ci gaban fasaha da kuma kara wayar da kan jama'a game da muhimmancin makamashin da ake iya sabuntawa.Na'urori masu amfani da hasken rana na yau sun fi inganci da tsada fiye da kowane lokaci, wanda hakan ya sa su zama zaɓin da za a iya ɗauka don yaɗuwar jama'a.Gwamnatoci a duniya suna saka hannun jari a manyan ayyukan hasken rana, kuma gonaki masu amfani da hasken rana da na rufin rufin sun zama ruwan dare gama gari.
Asalin tarihi naphotovoltaics nuna hazaka da jajircewar masana kimiyya da masu kirkira tsawon shekaru.Photovoltaicfasaha ta zo da nisa daga farkon ganowarphotovoltaictasiri ga aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen ƙwayoyin rana a sararin samaniya.Yayin da muke ƙoƙarin canzawa zuwa makoma mai dorewa,photovoltaicsBabu shakka za su taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen biyan buƙatun makamashinmu tare da rage sawun carbon ɗin mu.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-30-2023